4.2.3 Networking Hardware
The following is a description of most of the hardware that will be needed in the design of networks.
•Computer (or network enabled equipment)
•Network Interface Hardware - The network interface may already be built into the computer/PLC/sensor/etc. These may cost $15 to over $1000.
•The Media - The physical network connection between network nodes.
10baseT (twisted pair) is the most popular. It is a pair of twisted copper wires terminated with an RJ-45 connector.
10base2 (thin wire) is thin shielded coaxial cable with BNC connectors 10baseF (fiber optic) is costly, but signal transmission and noise properties are
very good.
•Repeaters (Physical Layer) - These accept signals and retransmit them so that longer networks can be built.
•Hub/Concentrator - A central connection point that network wires will be connected to. It will pass network packets to local computers, or to remote networks if they are available.
•Router (Network Layer) - Will isolate different networks, but redirect traffic to other LANs.
•Bridges (Data link layer) - These are intelligent devices that can convert data on one type of network, to data on another type of network. These can also be used to isolate two networks.
- 1.3 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- 2. AN INTRODUCTION TO LINUX/UNIX
- 2.1 OVERVIEW
- 2.1.1 What is it?
- 2.1.7 Distributions
- 2.1.8 Installing
- 2.2 USING LINUX
- 2.2.1 Some Terminology
- 2.2.4 Processes
- 2.3 NETWORKING
- 2.3.1 Security
- 2.4 INTERMEDIATE CONCEPTS
- 2.4.1 Shells
- 2.4.4 Desktop Tools
- 2.5 LABORATORY - A LINUX SERVER
- 2.8 REFERENCES
- 3.7 ARCHITECTURE OF ‘C’ PROGRAMS (TOP-DOWN)
- 3.9 CASE STUDY - THE BEAMCAD PROGRAM
- 3.9.1 Objectives:
- 3.9.2 Problem Definition:
- 3.9.3 User Interface:
- 3.9.3.1 - Screen Layout (also see figure):
- 3.9.7 Documentation
- 3.9.7.1 - Users Manual:
- 3.9.7.2 - Programmers Manual:
- 3.10 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- 3.11 LABORATORY - C PROGRAMMING
- 4. NETWORK COMMUNICATION
- 4.1 INTRODUCTION
- 4.2 NETWORKS
- 4.2.1 Topology
- 4.2.3 Networking Hardware
- 4.2.6 SLIP and PPP
- 4.3 INTERNET
- 4.3.2 Computer Ports
- 4.3.3 Security
- 4.4 FORMATS
- 4.4.1 HTML
- 4.4.5 Java
- 4.4.6 Javascript
- 4.6 DESIGN CASES
- 4.9 LABORATORY - NETWORKING
- 5. DATABASES
- 5.2 DATABASE ISSUES
- 6. COMMUNICATIONS
- 6.1 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS
- 6.2 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS UNDER LINUX
- 6.3 PARALLEL COMMUNICATIONS
- 7. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS (PLCs)
- 7.12.1 Data Files
- 7.12.1.4 - PLC Status Bits (for PLC-5s)
- 7.12.1.5 - User Function Memory
- 7.13 INSTRUCTION TYPES
- 7.13.1 Program Control Structures
- 7.13.2 Branching and Looping
- 7.13.3 Basic Data Handling
- 7.13.3.1 - Move Functions
- 7.15 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS
- 7.20 DESIGN TECHNIQUES
- 7.20.1 State Diagrams
- 7.23.1 SWITCHED INPUTS AND OUTPUTS
- 7.25 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- 8.2 PROPRIETARY NETWORKS
- 8.2.0.1 - Data Highway
- 8.4 LABORATORY - DEVICENET
- 8.5 TUTORIAL - SOFTPLC AND DEVICENET
- 9. INDUSTRIAL ROBOTICS
- 9.1 INTRODUCTION
- 9.1.1 Basic Terms
- 9.2.2 Types of Robots
- 9.2.2.1 - Robotic Arms
- 9.3 MECHANISMS
- 9.5.2 Movemaster Programs
- 9.5.2.0.1 - Language Examples
- 9.5.3 Command Summary
- 9.6 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- 9.7 LABORATORY - MITSUBISHI RV-M1 ROBOT
- 10. OTHER INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS
- 10.1 SEIKO RT 3000 MANIPULATOR
- 10.1.1.2 - Commands Summary
- 10.2 IBM 7535 MANIPULATOR
- 10.2.1 AML Programs
- 10.3 ASEA IRB-1000
- 10.6 LABORATORY - SEIKO RT-3000 ROBOT
- 11. ROBOT APPLICATIONS
- 11.0.1 Overview
- 11.1 END OF ARM TOOLING (EOAT)
- 11.1.1 EOAT Design
- 11.1.2 Gripper Mechanisms
- 11.1.3 Magnetic Grippers
- 11.1.3.1 - Adhesive Grippers
- 11.1.4 Expanding Grippers
- 11.3 INTERFACING
- 12. SPATIAL KINEMATICS
- 12.1 BASICS
- 12.2.1 Denavit-Hartenberg Transformation (D-H)
- 12.3 SPATIAL DYNAMICS
- 12.3.1 Moments of Inertia About Arbitrary Axes
- 12.4 DYNAMICS FOR KINEMATICS CHAINS
- 12.4.1 Euler-Lagrange
- 12.4.2 Newton-Euler
- 13.1.3 Modeling the Robot
- 13.2.2 Computer Control of Robot Paths (Incremental Interpolation)
- 13.4 LABORATORY - AXIS AND MOTION CONTROL
- 14. CNC MACHINES
- 14.1 MACHINE AXES
- 14.2 NUMERICAL CONTROL (NC)
- 14.3 EXAMPLES OF EQUIPMENT
- 14.3.1 EMCO PC Turn 50
- 14.4 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- 14.5 TUTORIAL - EMCO MAIER PCTURN 50 LATHE (OLD)
- 14.6.1 LABORATORY - CNC MACHINING
- 15.3 PROPRIETARY NC CODES
- 16.5 DISCRETE IO
- 16.6 COUNTERS AND TIMERS
- 16.7 ACCESSING DAQ CARDS FROM LINUX
- 16.8 SUMMARY
- 16.9 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- 17. VISIONS SYSTEMS
- 17.1 OVERVIEW
- 17.11 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- 18. INTEGRATION ISSUES
- 18.1 CORPORATE STRUCTURES
- 18.2 CORPORATE COMMUNICATIONS
- 19. MATERIAL HANDLING
- 19.1 INTRODUCTION
- 19.3 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
- 19.4 LABORATORY - MATERIAL HANDLING SYSTEM
- 19.4.1 System Assembly and Simple Controls
- 19.5 AN EXAMPLE OF AN FMS CELL
- 19.5.1 Overview
- 19.6 THE NEED FOR CONCURRENT PROCESSING
- 20. PETRI NETS
- 20.1 INTRODUCTION
- 20.2 A BRIEF OUTLINE OF PETRI NET THEORY
- 20.4.3 An Exclusive OR Transition:
- 20.4.5 RELATIONAL NETS
- 20.7 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- 21. PRODUCTION PLANNING AND CONTROL
- 21.1 OVERVIEW
- 21.2 SCHEDULING
- 21.3 SHOP FLOOR CONTROL
- 21.3.1 Shop Floor Scheduling - Priority Scheduling
- 22. SIMULATION
- 22.3 DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
- 23. PLANNING AND ANALYSIS
- 23.1 FACTORS TO CONSIDER
- 24. REFERENCES
- 25. APPENDIX A - PROJECTS
- 25.1 TOPIC SELECTION
- 25.1.1 Previous Project Topics
- 25.2 CURRENT PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS